International Organization for Standardization (ISO-9000)
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO 9000)
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Introduction
ISO 9000 is a set of international
standards for quality management and quality assurance. The ISO 9000 family of
standards is developed and maintained by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO). The standards provide a framework for organizations to
establish, implement, maintain, and continually improve a quality management
system.
Key components of ISO 9000 include:
- ISO
9001: This
is the main standard in the ISO 9000 family. It outlines the criteria for
a quality management system and is the only standard in the family that
can be certified to. ISO 9001 is applicable to any organization,
regardless of its size or the industry it operates in.
- Quality
Management Principles: ISO 9000 is based on a set of eight quality
management principles, which include customer focus, leadership,
involvement of people, process approach, system approach to management,
continual improvement, factual approach to decision making, and mutually
beneficial supplier relationships.
- Process
Approach: ISO
9001 emphasizes the importance of adopting a process approach to managing
an organization. This involves understanding and managing interrelated
processes as a system to achieve the organization's objectives.
- Documentation
and Records: ISO
9001 requires the creation and maintenance of documentation that describes
the quality management system. It also emphasizes the importance of
maintaining records to demonstrate conformity to requirements and the
effective operation of the system.
- Continual
Improvement: One
of the fundamental principles of ISO 9000 is the concept of continual
improvement. Organizations are encouraged to continually monitor and
improve their processes and systems to enhance overall performance.
- Customer
Satisfaction: ISO
9001 places a strong emphasis on meeting customer requirements and
enhancing customer satisfaction. Understanding and fulfilling customer
needs are considered essential for the success of an organization.
- Certification
and Auditing:
Organizations can seek certification to ISO 9001 through a third-party
certification body. The certification process involves an audit of the
organization's quality management system to ensure compliance with the
standard.
Principles of ISO 9000
The ISO 9000 is based on seven
principles of quality management
1)
Customer focus
a.
Primary focus of quality
management is to meet customer requirements
b.
The organization needs
to strive to exceed customer expectations
c.
This principle
includes
i. Recognize the needs of existing and future customer
ii. Aligning the objectives of organization with customer needs
& expectations
iii. Meet customer requirements
iv. Assess customer satisfaction
v. Handle customer relationships
2)
Leadership
a.
Leaders at all level
can establish
i. Unity of purpose
ii. Unity of direction
iii. Conditions in which peoples are engaged in achieving the
objective of organization
b.
This principle
includes
i. Establish a vision & direction for the organization
ii. Set the goals
iii. Establish trust
iv. Train & empower employees
v. Identify employee contributions
3)
Engagement of
people
a.
It is essential to
enhance the capability of the organization by the help of
i. Competent peoples
ii. Empowered peoples
iii. & Engaged
peoples at all levels
b.
This principle
includes
i. Employees skills are used & valued
ii. Makes people responsible
iii. Participation in continual improvement
iv. Evaluation of individual performance
v. Facilitation of learning & knowledge sharing
4)
Process approach
a.
Excellent results are achieved
when activities are understood and managed as interrelated processes
b.
This principle
includes
i. Supervise activities as process
ii. Assess the capability of activities
iii. Identify linkages between activities
iv. Prioritize improvement opportunities
v. Organize resources effectively
5)
Improvement
a.
Successful
organizations have an ongoing focus on improvement
b.
This principle
includes
i. Develop organizational performance & capabilities
ii. Align advanced activities
iii. Empower people to make improvements
iv. Measure improvement consistently
v. Celebrate the improvements
6)
Evidence based
decision making
a.
The decision can be
said more productive and result oriented if it is based on
i. Analysis of data & information
ii. Evaluation of data & information
b.
This principle
includes
i. Accessibility of accurate & consistent data
ii. Use of suitable methods to analyse the data
iii. Make decisions based on analysis
iv. Balance data analysis with practical experience
7)
Relationship
Management
a.
For a sustained success,
an organization manages it relationship with interested parties
b.
This principle
includes
i. Identify & select suppliers to
1.
Manage cost
2.
Optimize resources
3.
& create value
ii. Establish relationships considering both the short &
long term
iii. Share expertise, resources, information and plans with
partners
iv. Collaborate on improvement and development activities
v. Recognize supplier successes
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