Operation Research

OPERATION RESEARCH

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Introduction

·       Operation Research is the application of Analytical Methods that are designed to help the decision makers to choose between various courses of action available to accomplish specified objectives

·       In India it was founded in 1957

·       It provides an avenue to widen the horizon by the exchange of knowledge and application of techniques from outside the country

 

Scope

·     Finance

·     Budgeting

·     Investments

·     Purchasing

·     Exploration

·     Production Management

·     Marketing Management

·     Personal Management

Fields

·       Research & Development

·       National Budgeting

·       Defence Services

·       Agriculture & Irrigation

·       Education

·       Training

Applications

·       Management

o   Leadership

o   Decision making

o   Planning

o   Implementation

o   Monitoring & Evaluation

o   Information Regulation

·       Economic Support

o   Public sources of finance

o   Employers

o   Organized voluntary agencies

o   Local community efforts

o   Foreign aids

o   Private households

Objectives

·       To improve the quality of decision making

·       Identify the optimum solution

·       Integrating the systems

·       Improve the objectivity of analysis

·       Minimize the cost and maximize the profit

·       Improves the productivity

·       Development of more effective approaches

·       Success in competition and market

Process

·       Identification of program problem

·       Identification of possible reasons and solutions

·       Testing of potential solution

·       Result utilization

·       Result dissemination

Methods

·       Simulation Method

o   It gives the ability to conduct sensitive study to

§  Search for improvements

§  Test the improvement ideas

·       Optimization Method

o   Its goal is to enable the decision makers to identify and locate the very best choice

o   It is used where innumerable feasible choices are available and comparing them is difficult

·       Data Analysis Method

o   Its goal is to aid the decision-maker in detecting actual pattern and interconnections in the data set

o   This method is used for making solutions

Applications of Operations Research (OR) in Hospitals 

1. Resource Allocation – Optimal use of staff, beds, equipment, and operation theatres.

2. Scheduling – Staff shifts, patient appointments, and surgeries.

3. Inventory Management – Managing medical supplies, drugs, and equipment stocks.

4. Queue Management – Reducing waiting time in OPD, IPD, and emergency departments.

5. Facility Layout Planning – Designing efficient layouts for departments and units.

6. Cost Minimization – Reducing operational costs without compromising care.

7. Patient Flow Optimization – Streamlining patient movement within the hospital.

8. Forecasting Demand – Predicting patient inflow and resource needs.

9. Decision Making Support – Using models for strategic and tactical decisions.

10. Emergency Services Management – Optimizing ambulance routing and emergency response time.

11. Project Management – Planning and execution of hospital projects.

12. Quality Control – Monitoring service quality and patient satisfaction.

13. Risk Management – Identifying and minimizing operational risks.

14. Budgeting and Financial Planning – Efficient hospital finance planning and monitoring.

15. Bed Occupancy Management – Maximizing effective use of hospital beds.

Video Description

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