Indian System of Medicines
INDIAN MEDICINE SYSTEM
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Introduction
·
System of medicine which are incorporated in
Indian culture or have Indian origin are known as Indian System of Medicine
·
Generally the Indian Medicine Systems are of
4 types
o
Ayurveda
o
Siddha
o
Unani
o
Homeopathy
AYURVEDA
· It is the oldest system of Indian medicine which means Science of life
· This concept was developed between 2500 and 50 BC in
India
· Out of below mentioned 4 Vedas, Ayurveda is the part of Atharveda
o
Rigveda
o
Samveda
o
Yajurveda
o
Atharveda
· The first book of Ayurveda is Charka Samitha
o
Having a concept of practice of Ayurveda i.e
school of medicine
o
It describes 600 plants and their products
used in medicine
o
It was recorded in 1900 BC
· The next Ayurvedic literature is Sushruta Samitha
o
Having a concept of Surgery i.e school of
surgery
o
It deals with different theories and
fundamentals of principle of surgery
o
It describes 650 drugs, different surgery
related topics like
§ Anatomy
§ Toxicology
§ Embryology etc
o
It also describes the use of surgical instruments
like
§ Scissors
§ Forceps
§ Scalpels etc
o
The basic principle of Ayurveda is Panchmahabhutas
§ Universe is made up of 5 basic elements
· Akasa (Space)
· Vayu (Air)
· Agni (Fire)
· Jala (Water)
· Prithvi (Earth)
§ All these are mixed in an infinite variety of relative
proportions such that form of matter is distinctly unique
§ By continuous change and interaction with each other ,
they create a situation which keeps the world going
§ Any changes in thes 5 elements results in the symptoms of
disease
Homeopathy
§ This term is coined by Hahnemann and appeared in 1807
§ It is unique and natural system of medicine
§ It helps to stimulate the body’s healing process with no
common side effects
§ It is based on 7 principles
o
Individualisation
o
Principle of Similia
o
Principle of Simplex
o
Principle of Minimum dose
o
Law of providing
o
Law of dynamisation
o
Vital Force
UNANI
§ It was originated in Greece and the foundation laid down
by Hippocrates
§ In India this system was introduced by Arabs around 11th
century
§ Unani word is derived from a Greek word Ionian
§ The specialist of this system is called Hakim who have physical, mental and spiritual
knowledge
§ According to Unani system our body is made up of 7
components
o
Elements (Arkan)
o
Temperament (Mizaj)
o
Bodily Humours (Akhlat)
o
Organ & Systems (Aaza)
o
Vital spirit (Arwah)
o
Power (Quwah)
o
Functions (Afaal)
§ This system laid down on six essentials known as Asbab
Sitta e Zaroriayah for the maintenance of health and prevention of disease
o
Air
o
Foods and drinks
o
Body movement
o
Sleep and wakefulness
o
Mental work
o
Excretion and retention
SIDDHA
§ It is a traditional system of medicine originated from
Tamil culture
§ It was believed that this system was described by
o
Lord Shiva to his wife Parvati
o
Parvti to her son Lord Kartik
o
Lord kartik to Sage Agasthya
o
Sage Agasthya to his 18 Siddhars and finally
they spread this concept to human beings
§ According to Siddha, man is a miniature in himself and
made up of 5 basic elements called Panchmahabhutam
§ The elements are as follows
o
Earth (Nilam)
o
Water (Neer)
o
Fire (Thee)
o
Air (Kaatru)
o
Space (Aagyam)
§ Criteria for physical examination Envagai theru
o
Tongue (Naa)
o
Color (Niram)
o
Speech (Mozhi)
o
Eyes (Vizi)
o
Stool (Malam)
o
Urine (Moothiram)
o
Touch (Sparisam)
o
Pulse (Naadi)
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