Census
CENSUS
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Introduction
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Census can be defined as the process of
o
Collecting
o
Compiling
o
Evaluating
o
Analyzing
o
& Publishing demographic, economic and
social data at a specific period of time.
·
It is a well organized, official and complete
count of the country or group of peoples.
Salient
Features of Census
o
Individual enumeration
§ Census used to record some important characteristics of
each individual person separately like
· Sex
· Age
· Marital status
· Literacy
· Economic activity
o
Universality within a defined territory
§ Ideally a Census should cover entire territory and all
people resident places
o
Simultaneity
§ Census is taken of a given day to avoid and duplication
in census
o
Defined periodicity
§ Census should be taken at regular intervals of time to
make the information available in a fixed sequence
Uses
of Census
·
Primary source of basic national population data
·
Required for administrative purpose
·
Used in economic and social planning and research
·
To know the trends of many aspects such as
o
Population growth
o
Change in Age & Sex structure of the
population
o
Course of Mortality, fertility, migration and
urbanization
Census
Techniques
·
De Facto Method
o
Peoples are counted in place where they are
found
o
Government declares fixed date as a census
day
o
All peoples are pre informed of counting
o
Followed by India up to the 1931 census
·
De Jure Method
o
Conducted on the basis of permanent place of
residence
o
Considered more practical and scientific
o
Census period is define and counting is
completed within this period
o
Period is generally of 2 to 3 weeks
Information
Covered In Census
· Geographical
o
Usual place of residence
o
Place of birth
o
Duration of residence
o
Place of work
· Economical
o
Occupation
o
Industry
o
Employment
o
Source of livelihood
· Personal
o
Age
o
Sex
o
Marital Status
o
Cast
o
Literacy
o
Religion
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