Group Work
GROUP WORK
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Introduction
·
Always remember that “Individually, we are
one drop and together, we are an ocean”
·
The group means when several peoples come
together to accomplish a particular task or goal
·
And the process by which people interact in a
group environment is called Group
Dynamics.
Group
& Teams can
·
Enhance the performance
·
Increase responsiveness to the customer
·
Increase the innovation
·
Increase the motivation
·
Increase the satisfaction
Theories
of Group Development
·
Classic Theory
o
It states that the group develops on the
basis of
§ Activities
§ Interactions
§ Sentiments
o
When peoples share common activities, they
will have more interaction and will develop attitudes towards each other that
can be negative or positive
o
Example is the relationship of a boy and a
girl belongs to the same field and course
·
Social Exchange Theory
o
It states that the group develops on the
basis of expectation of mutually beneficial exchanges based on trust
o
Means, a perception that exchange relationship
will be positive
o
Example is the group develops between a
broker and stock buyer because of the exchange of money
·
Social Identity Theory
o
It states that a person get a sense of
identity and self esteem based upon their membership in salient groups
o
Nature of the group may be
§ Demographically based
§ Culturally based
§ Organizationally based
o
Example is the identity of Shri Arvind Kejriwal
as the head of AAM Aadmi party.
Types
of Group
·
Formal Groups
o
These groups are established by an
organization to accomplish and achieve a certain goal
o
And further divided into three sub categories
§ Command groups
· Consist of a supervisor and the subordinates.
· Subordinates reports to the supervisor
· Example can be the group of nurses in a hospital having
nursing superintendent as a supervisor
§ Task groups
· Group of people that work together to achieve a common
task in a specific period of time
· These groups dissociates after the achievement of the
goals and reform whenever needed
· Example can be the group of faculty members from
different departments to complete the syllabus of a semester in 7days
§ Functional groups
· Group of people that work together to achieve a common
task without any specific period of time
· These groups remain in existence after the achievement of
the goals
· Example can be the marketing team of a college or
hospital
·
Informal Groups
o
These groups are develops by the employees
themselves on the basis of mutual interests
o
Informal group have a strong impact on the
organization and it can be
§ Positive
§ Negative
o
These groups are further divided into sub
categories
§ Interest groups (forms on the basis of mutual interest)
§ Friendship groups (who enjoys similar activities and beliefs)
§ Reference groups (when peoples wants to evaluate themselves)
Stages
of Group Development
§ Forming (member get to know each other and their common goal)
§ Storming (members disagree on each other views)
§ Norming (development of consensus in the member)
§ Performing (members begins to do their real work)
§ Adjourning (group dissociate after achieving the goal)
Group
Characteristics
§ Goals are clearly understood
§ A team work well together
§ A feeling of belonging to the group
§ Shared sense of responsibility
§ Members communicate openly
§ Members listen and respect other views
§ Introduction of new ideas and innovation
§ Interdependent roles and responsibilities
§ Conflicts are confronted and resolved
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