Data Presentation

DATA PRESENTATION

Description also available in video format (attached below), for better experience use your desktop.

Introduction

·       A method in which the peoples

o   Organize the information

o   Summarize the information

o   Communicate the information

·       By using a variety of tools such as

o   Tables

o   Graphs

o   Diagrams

 

Types of Data Presentation

1.     Tabular Presentation

2.     Visual Presentation

a.      Graphical Presentation

b.     Diagrammatical Presentation

 

1.    Tabular Presentation

a.      It is a systematic and logical arrangement of classified data in rows and columns

b.     It simplifies the complex data and avoid unnecessary repetition

c.      Facilitates comparison & gives identity to the data

d.     The rules of the tabulation includes

                                                    i.     Assigned a number to the table

                                                  ii.     Always give a title to the table

                                                iii.     Group intervals in columns & rows should neither be too narrow nor too wide

                                                iv.     Any used short form/symbol must be explained in the footnote

                                                  v.     Unit of measurement should be mentioned clearly

e.      The tables can be classified as

                                                    i.     On the basis of Purpose

1.     Reference tables

·       Present the original data for reference purposes only

2.     Text tables

·       Constructed to present selected data from one or more general purpose tables

                                                  ii.     On the basis of Content

1.     Simple tables

·       Having data relating to only one characteristics

2.     Double tables

·       Having data relating to only 2 characteristics

3.     Triple tables

·       Having data relating to only 3 characteristics

4.     Multiple tables

·       Having data relating to more than 3 characteristics

 

2.    Visual Presentation

a.      It is a graphical and diagrammatical presentation of a data

b.     Attractive, original, simple and economical are the rules of a good Visual presentation

c.      The Visual presentation divided into two categories

                                                    i.     Graphs

                                                  ii.     Diagrams

 

            GRAPHS

1.     Histogram

·       Represented by a set of rectangular bars

·       Variables is taken on X-axis & Frequency is taken on Y-axis

·       With the class intervals as base, rectangles with height proportional to the class frequency are drawn

·       The set of rectangular bar so obtained gives a histogram

·       The total area of the rectangles in a histogram represent total frequency

·       & if the total frequency distribution has inclusive class intervals, they should be converted into exclusive type

·       Mode of distribution can be easily obtained from the histogram

2.     Frequency Curve

·       Variables is taken along the X-axis and frequencies along the Y-axis

·       Frequencies are plotted against the class mid-value and then, these points are joined by a smooth Curve known as Frequency curve

·       Total area under the frequency curve represents the total frequency

3.     Frequency Polygon

·       Variables is taken along the X-axis and frequencies along the Y-axis

·       Frequencies are plotted against the class mid-value and then, these points are joined by a straight Line known as Frequency Polygon

·       Total area under the frequency curve represents the total frequency

4.     Ogives

·       Ogives is a smooth graph with cumulative frequency (cf) plotted against value of variables (class limits)

·       Class limits are taken along X-axis and cf along  Y-axis

·       The two ogives are drawn together with common axis

·       The points of intersection of the two ogives gives the median point of the distribution

5.     Line Graph

·       Used to display the comparison between two variables, plotted on the X & Y-axis

·       The X-axis represents measure of time and Y-axis represents the percentage or measures of quantity

·       Line graphs displays the change in direction

·       It shows the trend of an event occurring over a period of time to know whether it is increased or decreased

           

            DIAGRAMS

1.     PIE Diagram

·       Presents discrete data of qualitative characteristics such as blood groups, Age, Sex etc.

·       Frequencies of a group are shown in a circle

·       Degrees of angle denotes the frequency and area of the sector

·       Size of each angle is calculated by multiplying the (frequency/total frequency) by 360⸰

2.     BAR Diagram

·       Consist of series of rectangular bars of equal width standing on a common baseline with equal gap between one another

·       The bars can be either horizontal or vertical

·       Bars are constructed in  such a way that their length are proportional to the magnitudes (frequency)

·       The bar diagrams are further classified as

                                                                                                      i.     Simple Bar diagram

                                                                                                    ii.     Subdivided Bar diagram

                                                                                                  iii.     Percentage Bar diagram

                                                                                                  iv.     Multiple Bar diagram

                                                                                                    v.     Deviation Bar diagram

Video description

     Don’t forget to do these things if you get benefitted from this article

o   Visit our Let’s contribute page https://keedainformation.blogspot.com/p/lets-contribute.html

o   Follow our  page

o   Like & comment on our post