Narcotics

By Abdulla Israr & Simran Rani

 NARCOTICS

Description also available in video format (attached below)


Introduction

Narcotic drugs can be defined as the chemical compounds that are psychoactive, analgesic and mood altering in nature such as-

  • Morphine
  • Heroin
  • Codeine

1) Morphine

  • Morphine is a natural alkaloid which is derived from a premature poppy.
  • It is mainly uses as a pain reliver in conditions like Myocardial Infarction, Asthma etc.
  • It can be administered by oral, IM, & IV routes.
  • It can cause lack of breathing, decrease in heart rate, nausea & vomiting

2) Heroin

  • It is also known as diamorphine which is derived from the acetylation of morphine.
  • Most commonly it is used to create Euphoric (feeling of happiness) state in a patient.
  • It can be administered by IV, Nasal & Inhalation routes.
  • It can cause addiction, respiratory depression, pneumonia etc. 

3) Codeine

  • It is a natural phenanthrene alkaloid present in opium about 0.2%.
  • It is used to treat as a cough medicine, diarrhea, pain etc.
  • It shows greater effect when given in combination with NSAIDs
  • It is generally administered by oral route
  • It can cause addiction, itchiness, drowsiness, etc.

Rules for Narcotics


Storage
  • The storekeeper must have the license to store and sell the narcotic drugs.
  • The cupboard having narcotic drugs is to be separated and independent.
  • The cupboards must be locked in double locking manner.
  • Only narcotic & controlled drugs needs to be present in the cupboard.
  • Any deletion or addition in the number of stored narcotics must be documented by the help of red ink along with signature of registered nurse.
Borrowing

In case of borrowing the narcotics from any other unit the following documentation aspects have to be fulfilled-
  • Number of borrowing doses
  • Number of remaining doses
  • Signature of the issuing & receiving nurse.
Counting 
  • Counting should be done at the change of each shift
  • Only registered & licensed nurse will count the narcotics
  • Send completed record of narcotics to the pharmacy
  • In record date, time, actual balance & signature must have to be present.
Miscellaneous
  • Drug storage is kept double locked
  • Narcotic containers are labeled with opening date & expiry date
  • Floors, walls, sink, benches are free of anything that may likely to contaminate the drugs
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