Modes of intervention

By Abdulla Israr & Simran Rani

 MODES OF INTERVENTION


Description also available in video format (attached below)


Introduction

In terms of health the word "Intervention" can be easily defined as the attempt to intervene or interrupt the usual sequence of development of a disease and the word "Modes of Intervention" means the number of ways by which we can interrupt the development of a disease.

The interventions can be done by the help of the following modes-

1) Health promotion

It can be defined as the process of enabling the persons to increase control over and to improve health by the help of the following approaches-

  • Health education
  • Environmental modification
  • Nutritional interventions
  • Lifestyle & behavioral changes. 


2) Specific protection

It can be easily defines as a mode of intervention which aimed at specific protection just like-
  • Immunization of Hepatitis-B
  • Use of specific nutrients like Vitamin-D
  • Chemoprophylaxis for Cancer


3) Early diagnosis & treatment

In this mode of intervention the detection of disturbances of homeostatic and compensatory mechanism take place in early stage and the progress of the disease stopped by the help of the specific treatment. The best example of this mode is the detection & treatment of Renal failure at its earlier stage can prevent the situations like dialysis and CKD.


4) Disability limitation

When a patient fails to diagnose his/her disease in its early stage then it can result in the following conditions-


  • Impairment (loss of psychological, physiological or anatomical function)
  • Disability (lack of ability to perform an activity in a manner that is normal for a human)
  • Handicap (disadvantage for a person that results from impairment & disability)
Hence, the objective of this mode of intervention is to prevent the transition of  disease process that can cause impairment, disability and then handicap situations.


5) Rehabilitation

It can be easily defined as the combined and coordinated use of medical, social, educational and vocational measures for training and retraining the individual to the highest possible level of functional ability such as-
  • Schools for the blind
  • Reconstructive surgery in leprosy
  • Rehabilitation Centre for drug addicts

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