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FUNDAMENTALS OF QUALITY (QI & QC) Quality Improvement (QI) ·        Quality Improvement is a systematic, formal approach to the analysis of practice performance and efforts to improve performance. ·        It involves ongoing efforts to make incremental improvements in processes, systems, and outcomes. Objectives of Quality Improvement Improve patient safety and care outcomes Reduce errors and inefficiencies Enhance staff satisfaction and productivity Ensure compliance with standards and regulations Promote continuous learning and innovation Key Principles of QI Principle Description Customer Focus Patient-centered care is the primary goal. Teamwork QI requires the collaboration of all staff members. Process Orientation Focuses on improving processes rather than blaming individ...

MARKETING RESEARCH Introduction ·        Marketing Research is the systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data related to marketing problems and opportunities. ·        It helps organizations understand customer needs, evaluate marketing actions, and improve decision-making. ·        According to the American Marketing Association (AMA), "Marketing research is the function that links the consumer, customer, and public to the marketer through information." ·        It involves data collection about markets, competition, customer preferences, and the effectiveness of marketing strategies. Importance of Marketing Research a) Informed Decision-Making b) Understanding Consumer Behavior c) Market Opportunity Identification d) Reducing Risk e) Improving Marketing Strategies Types of Marketing Research Primary Research ...

DEMING's CONTRIBUTION TO QUALITY Introduction W. Edwards Deming (1900–1993) was an American statistician, professor, author, lecturer, and consultant. He is considered the father of modern quality management and played a pivotal role in revolutionizing Japan’s post-WWII industrial economy. His philosophy focuses on continuous improvement , systems thinking , and statistical process control (SPC) . Major Contributions System of Profound Knowledge A theory for understanding and improving management practices. Four components: Appreciation for a system Knowledge of variation Theory of knowledge Psychology of people Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) Cycle Also known as the Deming Cycle or Shewhart Cycle . A method for continuous improvement: Plan : Identify and analyze the problem. Do : Implement the solution. ...

Quality Health Care through Patient Satisfaction Introduction ·        Patient participation refers to the active involvement of patients in their own health care. ·        It encompasses shared decision-making, informed consent, communication, and feedback mechanisms to improve the quality of services. Key Aspects Involvement in health decisions Awareness of rights and responsibilities Open communication with healthcare providers Access to medical records and information Participation in quality improvement initiatives Importance of Patient Participation in Quality Healthcare Empowerment: Enables patients to make informed choices. Improved Outcomes: Engaged patients tend to have better health outcomes. Enhanced Trust: Builds confidence in the healthcare system. Safety: Reduces errors through active feedback and vigilance. Satisfact...

PROMOTION Introduction Promotion refers to all the activities undertaken to inform, persuade, and remind consumers about a product, service, or brand. It is a key element of the marketing mix (Product, Price, Place, Promotion – 4Ps). It acts as a communication bridge between the company and the consumer. Promotional activities aim to increase sales , build brand loyalty , and differentiate a product from competitors. Importance of Promotion Creates Awareness: Helps customers become aware of a product or brand. Stimulates Demand: Encourages consumers to try or buy a product. Educates Consumers: Informs them about the product’s features, benefits, and usage. Builds Brand Image: Reinforces a positive perception of the brand. Supports Sales Force: Enhances the effectiveness of personal selling. Competitive Advantage: Helps firms stay ahead in competitiv...