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PROCESS OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION Description also available in video format (attached below), for better experience use your desktop Introduction ·        Drug administration involves the delivery of a pharmaceutical compound into the body to achieve a therapeutic effect. ·        The process can vary depending on factors like the drug’s formulation, route of administration, and the patient’s condition. ·        Drug administration is a crucial step in the healthcare process, ensuring that patients receive the right medication in the right dose and route to achieve the desired therapeutic outcomes while minimizing risks and side effects. ·        Here's a general overview of the process: 1.      Prescription ·         It begins with a healthcare provider prescribing a medication based on the patient's medical condition, history, and other relevant factors. 2.      Formulation ·         The drug may come in various forms such as tablets, capsules, liquids, inje

BIOTRANSFORMATION OF DRUGS (METABOLISM) Description also available in video format (attached below), for better experience use your desktop Introduction ·        Biotransformation of drugs, also known as drug metabolism, refers to the chemical alterations that drugs undergo within the body. ·        This process typically occurs in the liver but can also take place in other organs such as the kidneys, lungs, and intestines. ·        The primary purpose of drug metabolism is to make the drug more water-soluble, facilitating its excretion from the body, and often rendering it less active or completely inactive. ·        Understanding these factors is crucial for predicting and managing drug interactions, optimizing drug therapy, and minimizing the risk of adverse drug reactions. ·        There are two main phases of drug metabolism: ·        Phase I Metabolism: ·        In this phase, the drug molecule is often oxidized, reduced, or hydrolysed by enzymes such as cytoch

Scope of Pharmacology in Physiotherapy   Description also available in video format (attached below), for better experience use your desktop Introduction ·        Pharmacology plays a crucial role in physiotherapy, offering valuable tools to manage pain, inflammation, muscle spasticity, and various other conditions that physiotherapists commonly encounter. ·        Here's a breakdown of its scope within physiotherapy: 1.      Pain Management ·        Pharmacology provides medications to alleviate pain, whether it's acute or chronic. ·        Physiotherapists often work with patients experiencing pain due to injuries, surgeries, or chronic conditions like arthritis. ·        They may incorporate pain-relieving medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, or muscle relaxants into treatment plans to enhance the effectiveness of therapy and improve patient comfort. 2.      Inflammation Control ·        Inflammation is a common is